China’s Arctic Policy: Challenges to Regional Security (1990s – 2020s)

The article analyzes the evolution of China's Arctic policy, which has expanded over three decades from individual polar research to observer status in Council and existence a state strategy. China Russia have established mutually beneficial cooperation region such conditions, when many areas there are fundamental contradictions between countries. West did not long-term strategy capable responding current security challenges, including Arctic. When tried regain lost positions on world stage 2007-2008, became an increasingly influential player world. If before had been outside lines rivalry for decades, question Far North as arena military competition began take first place. become threat both United States Russia. In previous years, with help China, Moscow opportunity receive necessary investments technologies large-scale projects. more Beijing attempts establish itself Arctic, other countries will grow. Russian Federation positioned leader region. country's policy was aimed at strengthening this through regional control expansion presence. This led response NATO it assessed threat. arises what should be, whether be possible resist costly arms race. not, then concentrated political economic spheres. A particular aspect is rapid militarization after 2014, primarily due changes Russia's strategy, extends North. tensions yet resorted expand its power infrastructural influence opposed methods. effectiveness Chinese non-military methods